Nuclear Safety
Nuclear Safety
Radioactivity is a natural phenomenon, present in our environment. While radiation has many beneficial applications — from power generation to medicine, industry, and agriculture — it also poses risks. These risks must be carefully assessed, controlled, and regulated to ensure the safety of people, workers, and the environment.
Why Nuclear Safety Matters
Every activity involving radiation — whether in medical use, nuclear plants, transportation of radioactive materials, or waste management — must comply with strict safety standards. Since radiation risks can cross borders, international cooperation is vital to:
Share experience
Strengthen safety systems
Prevent accidents
Respond to emergencies
Minimize harmful consequences
Global Safety Standards
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) plays a central role in setting international safety standards. These standards:
Support environmental protection
Build confidence in nuclear safety
Facilitate global trade and cooperation
Provide tools for states to assess performance and meet obligations
IAEA Safety Framework
IAEA safety standards establish principles, requirements, and measures to:
Protect people and the environment from harmful radiation
Control radioactive emissions
Prevent nuclear accidents
Mitigate consequences if accidents occur
These standards cover all facilities and activities related to nuclear safety, including:
Nuclear installations
Radiation applications
Transport of radioactive material
Radioactive waste management
Safety Requirements
Expressed as binding “shall” statements
Ensure protection now and for future generations
Guide national regulatory frameworks
Hold all responsible parties accountable
Safety Guides
Provide recommendations and best practices
Expressed as “should” statements
Reflect global consensus and continuous improvement
Help organizations achieve high safety performance